染雾大学英语四级阅读选择题满分练习 篇一
标题：The Impact of Social Media on Interpersonal Relationships
Social media has become an integral part of our daily lives, influencing the way we communicate and interact with others. While it has undoubtedly brought many benefits, such as connecting people across the globe and providing a platform for self-expression, it has also had a significant impact on interpersonal relationships.
Firstly, social media has changed the way we form and maintain relationships. In the past, meeting new people and building friendships often required face-to-face interaction. However, with the rise of social media platforms, we can now connect with others from the comfort of our own homes. While this can be convenient, it has also led to a decrease in the quality of our relationships. Online interactions lack the depth and intimacy of in-person conversations, making it difficult to truly connect with others on a meaningful level.
Furthermore, social media has given rise to a culture of comparison and envy. Platforms such as Instagram and Facebook are filled with carefully curated images and posts that showcase the best aspects of people's lives. This constant exposure to others' highlight reels can lead to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem. Instead of fostering genuine connections, social media often promotes a sense of competition and the need for validation.
Another negative impact of social media on interpersonal relationships is the phenomenon of "phubbing." Phubbing refers to the act of ignoring someone in favor of one's phone. Many people have experienced the frustration of trying to have a conversation with someone who is constantly distracted by their social media notifications. This behavior not only hinders effective communication but also sends a message that the person's virtual interactions are more important than their real-life relationships.
Despite these negative effects, social media can also enhance interpersonal relationships in certain ways. It allows us to stay connected with loved ones who may be far away, bridging the gap of distance. Additionally, social media can serve as a platform for sharing and exchanging ideas, fostering intellectual discussions and promoting social causes.
In conclusion, while social media has undoubtedly revolutionized the way we communicate and interact with others, it has also had a significant impact on interpersonal relationships. It has changed the way we form and maintain relationships, fostered a culture of comparison and envy, and led to the phenomenon of "phubbing." However, it also has the potential to enhance relationships by bridging distance and facilitating intellectual discussions. It is crucial for individuals to strike a balance in their use of social media and prioritize meaningful, face-to-face interactions to maintain healthy and satisfying relationships.
大学英语四级阅读选择题满分练习 篇二
标题：The Role of Education in Addressing Gender Equality
Gender equality is a fundamental human right and a necessary condition for sustainable development. Education plays a crucial role in addressing gender inequality and empowering individuals to challenge traditional gender roles and stereotypes.
Firstly, education provides girls and women with the opportunity to develop their skills and knowledge, enabling them to participate fully in all aspects of society. By providing equal access to education for both genders, societies can ensure that girls have the same opportunities as boys to pursue their dreams and aspirations. This not only benefits individuals but also contributes to the economic growth and overall development of a nation.
Furthermore, education helps to challenge and change societal norms and attitudes towards gender roles. By promoting gender equality in schools and universities, educators can challenge traditional stereotypes and biases that perpetuate inequality. Education can teach students to question gender norms, challenge discriminatory practices, and advocate for equal rights and opportunities for all.
Education also plays a crucial role in preventing and addressing gender-based violence. By promoting gender equality in educational curricula, schools can help to break the cycle of violence by teaching students about healthy relationships, consent, and respect. Education can also provide support and resources for survivors of gender-based violence, helping them to regain control of their lives and challenge the societal norms that perpetuate such violence.
Additionally, education can empower girls and women to become agents of change in their communities. By providing them with knowledge, skills, and confidence, education enables girls and women to challenge traditional gender roles and stereotypes and pursue leadership positions in various fields. This not only benefits individuals but also contributes to a more inclusive and equitable society.
In conclusion, education plays a crucial role in addressing gender inequality and promoting gender equality. It provides girls and women with equal opportunities to develop their skills and knowledge, challenges societal norms and attitudes towards gender roles, and helps to prevent and address gender-based violence. Education empowers individuals to challenge traditional gender roles and stereotypes and become agents of change in their communities. It is essential for governments and policymakers to prioritize education as a means to achieve gender equality and ensure a sustainable and inclusive future for all.
大学英语四级阅读选择题满分练习 篇三
大学英语四级阅读选择题满分练习
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It looked like a typical business meeting. Six men, neatly dressed in white shirts and ties filed into the boardroom of a small Jakarta company and sat down at a long table. But instead of consulting files or hearing reports, they closed their eyes and began to meditate, consulting the spirits of ancient Javanese kings. Mysticism touches almost every aspect of life in Indonesia and business is no exception. One of the meditators said his weekly meditation sessions are aimed mainly at bringing the peace of mind that makes for good decision-making. But the insight gained from mystic communication with spirits of wise kings has also helped boost the profits of his five companies.
Mysticism and profits have come together since the 13th century introduction of Islam to Indonesia by Indian Moslem merchants. Those devout traders, called ‘Wali Ullah’ or ‘those close to God, ’ energetically spread both trade and religion by adapting their appeals to the native mysticism of Java. Legends attribute magic power of foreknowledge to the Wali Ullah. These powers were believed to be gained through meditation and fasting.
Businessman Hadisiko said his group fasts and meditates all night every Thursday to become closer to God and to contact the spirits of the great men of the past. ‘If we want to employ someone at the managerial level, we meditate together and often the message comes that this man can’t hole onto money or he is untrustworthy. Or maybe the spirits will tell us he should be hired.’ Hadiziko hastened to add that his companies also hold modern personnel management systems and that formal qualifications are essential for a candidate even to be considered. Perspective investments also are considered through mystic meditation. ‘With the mind relaxed and open, it is easier to be objective in judging the risk of a new venture. Meditation and contact with the wisdom of the old leaders sharpens your own insight and intuition. Then you have to apply that intuition to the information you have and work hard to be successful. ’ Mystic meditation helped reverse a business slide his companies experienced in the mid-1980. Operating with normal business procedures, he lost more than $ 3 millions in that year alone. Meditation brought back his peace of mind. Putting the right persons in the right jobs and gaining confidence in his business decisions were the keys to a turning around that has brought expansion and profitability. The mysticism in Handspike’s boardroom is part of a growing movement in Indonesia called Kebatinan – the ‘search for the inner self.’
One of his managers, Yusuf Soemado, who studied business administration at Harvard University, compared the idea of mystic management to western system of positive thinking. ‘Willpower and subconscious mind are recognized as important factors in business. Such approaches as psycho-cybernetics, Carnegie’s think and growth rates, or the power of positive thinking are western attempts to tap the same higher intelligence that we contact through meditation,’ he said.
1. What is the most important factor in their doing business?
[A] Mysticism.
[B] Religion.
[C] Meditation.
[D] Investment.
2. Whom do they consult?
[A] The spirits of ancient Javanese kings.
[B] Wali Ullah.
[C] Old Kings.
[D] Carnegie.
3. Why did Hadisike hasten to add "his companies also hold modern personnel management systems…?
[A] He thought Mysticism was not so good as expected.
[B] To show they too focused on qualifications.
[C] To show they hired qualified persons.
[D] To show the possibility of combination of the scientific management with religion.
4. According to the passage, the function of the meditation is______.
[A] to gain profit from the god.
[B] to gain peace of mind to make decision.
[C] to gain foreknowledge.
[D] to gain objective conclusion.
5. What does "operating with normal business procedures" refer to?
[A] Adopting the western way of doing business.
[B] Ordinary way of doing business without meditation and fasting.
[C] Contact with God.
[D] Putting right persons in the right jobs.
Vocabulary
1. file into 鱼贯而入，排队进去
2. Jakarta 雅加达
3. meditate 沉思，冥想，反省
4. Java 爪哇
5. Javanese 爪哇的
6. mysticism 神秘主义
7. boost 促进，增加，提高
8. devout 虔诚的，热诚的
9. appeal (to) 向……呼吁，求助于，魅力
10. legend 传说，神话
11. fasting 禁食，斋戒
12. hold onto 抓紧，保住
13. personnel management system 人事管理制度
14. perspective investment 远景投资
15. venture (商业)投机，风险
16. sharpen 使……敏锐/尖锐，磨尖
17. business slide 买卖/企业滑坡，下滑
18. turn around (生意)好转，转变
19. subconscious 下意识的，潜意识的
20. cybernetics 控制论
21. Carnegie 卡耐基
22. tap 开拓，选择
1. Mysticism touches almost every aspect of lifein Indonesia and business is no exception.
【参考译文】在印尼神秘主义似乎涉及到印尼生活的各个方面，商业也不例外。
2. Those devout traders, called ‘Wali Ullah’ or‘those close to God, ’ energetically spread both trade and religion by adapting their appeals tothe native mysticism of Java.
【参考译文】这些虔诚的商人，叫做Wali Ullah，或者“接近主的.人”，把他们的祈求呼吁跟爪哇当地的神秘主义相结合。他们通过这一途径积极热情地拓展商业买卖和宗教信仰。
3. Putting the right persons in the right jobs and gaining confidence in his businessdecisions were the keys to a turning around that has brought expansion and profitability.
【参考译文】恰当的工作岗位使用合适的人选，对企业决策具有信心使形式好转的关键。它给你带来拓展和利润。(或任人唯贤，指挥若定使扭亏增盈，大展宏图的关键。)
4. Search for the inner self.
【参考译文】探索内心的自我。
5. Such approaches as psycho-cybernetics, Carnegie’s think and growth rates, or the powerof positive thinking are western attempts to tap the same higher intelligence that we contactthrough meditation.
【参考译文】类似心理控制论、卡耐基思想、增长率、或者积极思考能力等观点是西方开拓高智能的办法，而我们是通过沉思冥想来和高智能联系的。
写作方法与文 
这是一篇新闻报导，讲述印度尼西亚商人如何经营公司。主要采用一般到具体写作手法。一开始就点明他们以独特的方式――不看文件，不听汇报，而是闭上眼睛沉思，向古代帝王的精灵请示来经营。这种神秘主义几乎涉及印尼生活的各个领域，商业也不例外。后面每段都围绕这一主题而写。第二段写来源。第三段，应用于商业方面的具体例子，第四段，和西方管理方法对比。
答案详解
1. C 沉思。这在第一断已有说明。
A. 神秘主义。是个总的概念，笼罩生活各方面。而不是具体的做法和重要因素。 B. 宗教。 D. 投资。
2. A 爪哇古代帝王之精灵。答案在第一段。
B. Wali Ullah是指印度穆斯林商人。这些虔诚的商人叫做Wali Ullah或者成为接近主的人。传说神话也把先知的力量归功于Wali Ullah。C. 老帝王。D. 卡耐基，1835-1919是生于苏格兰的美国钢铁工业家和慈善家。他有一套管理企业的办法，称为卡耐基思想(管理法)。
3. B 他们也重视资历、才能。这在第三段中第二行起，商人 Hadisiko讲话清楚说明“如果我们要雇佣管理人员，我们就一起沉思，常常会有这种信息来临：这个人不能管理钱财或者他不可靠。也可能神灵告诉我们应当雇佣他。接着他匆忙补充说他的公司也采用现代人事管理系统，即要考虑雇佣的人员最根本的条件仍是正式资历”。
A. 他认为神秘主义不像想象中那么好。C. 表明他们雇佣人才。上下文说明，他所以补充是说明他们也重视资格。D. 表明科学管理和宗教结合的可能性。Hadisike语中没有这种意思。但不能说他们雇佣人才不管宗教。
4. B 得到冷静头脑来决策。这在第三段后半部分讲到。“远景的投资也是通过神秘的沉思加以考虑。有着放松和开放的头脑，易于客观地判断新投资的风险。沉思和过去领袖的接触会是你的洞察力和感官变得敏锐。”第一段第五行“其中一位沉思者说每星期的沉思会主要目标是带来一个平静的头脑，作出好决策。”
A. 从上帝那里得到利润。 C. 取得先知。不对，先知的能力归于Wali Ullah。D. 得到客观的结论。文内只提到，头脑放松容易客观地判断投资风险与否，并不是客观的结论。
5. B 没有沉思和斋戒的常规作生意。见第三段中，神秘的沉思帮助扭转公司生意滑坡而正常买卖步骤，这一年就损失了300万美元。这两句对比的话说明B项内容。
A. 采用西方买卖方式(交易方式)。文内没有点明正常就是西方方式。C. 和上帝接触。D. 知人善任。
