定语从句的英语语法总结 篇一
定语从句是英语中常见的从句类型之一,用来修饰名词或代词,以进一步说明其特征或限定其范围。在写作中,正确使用定语从句可以丰富句子结构,增加信息量,提高表达的准确性。本篇文章将对定语从句的基本结构和使用方法进行总结。
一、定语从句的基本结构
定语从句由引导词(关系代词或关系副词)引导,后面跟着一个完整的句子。常见的关系代词有:who, whom, whose, which, that;常见的关系副词有:where, when, why。
二、关系代词的使用
1. who和whom用来修饰人。who用作主语,whom用作宾语或介词后的宾语。
例:The girl who is standing there is my sister.(修饰主语)
The man whom I met yesterday is a doctor.(修饰宾语)
2. which用来修饰物。在非限制性定语从句中,which可以用作主语或宾语;在限制性定语从句中,只能用作宾语。
例:I bought a new car, which is very expensive.(非限制性定语从句)
The book which I borrowed from the library is very interesting.(限制性定语从句)
3. whose用来修饰人或物,表示所有关系。
例:The boy whose father is a doctor is my classmate.(修饰人)
The house whose roof is red is mine.(修饰物)
4. that既可以修饰人也可以修饰物,常用于口语和非正式写作,用来替代who, whom或which。
例:The girl that is standing there is my sister.
The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.
三、关系副词的使用
1. where用来修饰地点。
例:This is the school where I study.
2. when用来修饰时间。
例:I still remember the day when we met.
3. why用来修饰原因。
例:He explained the reason why he was late.
四、定语从句的省略
在定语从句中,当关系代词在从句中作宾语且在从句中不作主语时,可以将关系代词省略。
例:The girl (whom) I met yesterday is my sister.
总结:
定语从句是英语中常见的从句类型,用来修饰名词或代词。我们可以根据名词或代词的不同属性选择适当的关系代词或关系副词来引导定语从句。在使用时,需要注意关系代词的人称和数要与其所修饰的名词保持一致。同时,我们还可以根据具体情况选择是否省略关系代词。正确使用定语从句可以使句子更加准确、丰富,提高写作的表达力。
定语从句的英语语法总结 篇二
定语从句是英语语法中常见的从句类型之一,用于修饰名词或代词。掌握定语从句的使用方法可以让我们的写作更加准确、流畅。本篇文章将对定语从句的使用时机和注意事项进行总结。
一、使用时机
1. 说明特征:当我们需要进一步说明一个名词或代词的特征时,可以使用定语从句。
例:The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister.
2. 限定范围:当我们需要限定一个名词或代词的范围时,可以使用定语从句。
例:I want to buy a book that is written by Shakespeare.
3. 省略重复:当我们在句子中已经提到一个名词或代词,而后面又有一个定语从句修饰这个名词或代词时,可以省略重复的名词或代词。
例:The man (whom) I met yesterday is a doctor.
二、注意事项
1. 关系代词的选择:根据名词或代词的不同属性选择适当的关系代词来引导定语从句。
例:The book which I borrowed from the library is very interesting.
2. 关系代词的人称和数:关系代词的人称和数要与其所修饰的名词保持一致。
例:The girl who is standing there is my sister.
3. 关系代词的位置:关系代词通常放在定语从句的开始位置,但在非限制性定语从句中可以放在句子中间。
例:I bought a new car, which is very expensive.
4. 定语从句的标点符号:非限制性定语从句使用逗号将其与主句分开,而限制性定语从句不使用逗号。
例:The book, which I borrowed from the library, is very interesting.
总结:
定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句类型,使用定语从句可以进一步说明名词或代词的特征,限定其范围,并省略重复的名词或代词。在使用时,我们需要选择适当的关系代词来引导定语从句,并注意关系代词的人称和数要与其所修饰的名词保持一致。同时,我们还需要注意定语从句的标点符号,使用逗号分隔非限制性定语从句和主句,不使用逗号分隔限制性定语从句和主句。掌握定语从句的使用方法可以使我们的写作更加准确、流畅。
定语从句的英语语法总结 篇三
关于定语从句的英语语法总结
总结是在某一特定时间段对学习和工作生活或其完成情况,包括取得的成绩、存在的问题及得到的经验和教训加以回顾和分析的书面材料,它可以给我们下一阶段的'学习和工作生活做指导,不如我们来制定一份总结吧。那么总结应该包括什么内容呢?以下是小编收集整理的定语从句的英语语法总结,希望能够帮助到大家。
1.由关系代词 who, whom, whose, that, which; 关系副词 when, where, why 引导。
(下面十个句子请读5遍并脱口译出!)
e.g.1. The death notices tell us about people who have died during the week.
2. The man (whom) you spoke to just now is my friend.
3. The building whose lights are on is beautiful.
4. Please find a place which we can have a private talk in.
5. The knee is the joint where the thighbone meets the large bone of the lower leg.
6. He still remembers the day when he went to school.
7. It is no need telling us the reason why you didnt finish it in time.
8. He has three sons, two
of whom died in the war.9. Mr. Smith, whose wife is a clerk, teaches us English.
10. In the Sunday paper there are comics, which children enjoy.
2.只能用that和who引导的定语从句
A.all, nothing, anything, a few, one做先行词指物时
B.先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时,后面常跟that而不是which
C.先行词前有 the only, the first, the last, the next, the very等词修饰时,引导词只能用that
D.当先行词是 anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody时,后面要用who或whom
e.g. All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的并非都是金子。
3.as 引导定语从句
A.引导限制性语从句。
在此类定语从句中,as常与主语中作为其先行词的such, the same或as联用构成,"such... as","the same... as"和"as ...as"句型,可代替先行词。
e.g. We hope to get such a tool as he is using. 我们希望得到他正在用的那种工具。
B.as 引导非限制性定语从句时,作用与which相同,as作为关系代词代替整个主句。
(这是语法考试的一个考点。)
注意区别:
as 引导的从句用于句首、句中或句后,而which引导的定语从句不能放在句首。
e.g. As is reported, a foreign delegation will visit the city.
据报道,一个外国代表团将访问这个城市。