定语从句与宾语从句讲解 篇一
定语从句是指在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句,而宾语从句是指在复合句中充当主句的动词或介词的宾语的从句。这两种从句在语法上有一些相似之处,但也有一些明显的区别。
首先,定语从句的作用是对名词或代词进行修饰或限定,用来给出更多的信息。它通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后,用来补充说明其特征、性质、状态等。例如,在句子"The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting"中,定语从句"that I borrowed from the library"修饰了名词"book",提供了关于这本书的更多信息。
宾语从句则是作为主句的动词或介词的宾语,它通常出现在主句中的动词或介词之后。宾语从句的作用是充当主句中的宾语,起到接受动作或介词所指向的对象的作用。例如,在句子"I think that he is a good student"中,宾语从句"that he is a good student"是动词"think"的宾语,表示了我对他是一个好学生的看法。
其次,定语从句和宾语从句在引导词上有所不同。在定语从句中,常见的引导词有关系代词"that, who, whom, whose, which"和关系副词"where, when, why"等,它们在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语、表语等成分。而在宾语从句中,常见的引导词有连词"that, if, whether"等,它们引导宾语从句充当主句中的宾语。
最后,定语从句和宾语从句在语序上也有一些区别。在定语从句中,通常保持与主句相同的语序,即主语在前,谓语在后。例如,在句子"The student who is sitting in the front row is my brother"中,定语从句"who is sitting in the front row"的语序与主句保持一致。而在宾语从句中,通常采用陈述句的语序,即主语在前,谓语在后。例如,在句子"I asked him if he had finished his homework"中,宾语从句"if he had finished his homework"的语序是陈述句的语序。
总之,定语从句和宾语从句在语法结构和用法上有一些相似之处,但也有一些明显的区别。掌握定语从句和宾语从句的用法,能够帮助我们更准确地理解和使用复合句,提高语言表达的准确性和流利度。
定语从句与宾语从句讲解 篇二
定语从句和宾语从句是复合句中常见的两种从句,它们在语法结构和用法上有一些区别。
首先,定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后。定语从句的作用是为名词或代词提供进一步的说明或限定。例如,在句子"The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting"中,定语从句"that I borrowed from the library"修饰了名词"book",进一步说明了这本书是从图书馆借来的。
宾语从句则是作为主句的动词或介词的宾语的从句,通常出现在主句中的动词或介词之后。宾语从句的作用是充当主句中的宾语,接受动作或介词所指向的对象。例如,在句子"I think that he is a good student"中,宾语从句"that he is a good student"是动词"think"的宾语,表示了我对他是一个好学生的看法。
其次,定语从句和宾语从句在引导词上有所不同。在定语从句中,常见的引导词有关系代词"that, who, whom, whose, which"和关系副词"where, when, why"等,它们在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语、表语等成分。而在宾语从句中,常见的引导词有连词"that, if, whether"等,它们引导宾语从句充当主句中的宾语。
最后,定语从句和宾语从句在语序上也有一些区别。在定语从句中,通常保持与主句相同的语序,即主语在前,谓语在后。例如,在句子"The student who is sitting in the front row is my brother"中,定语从句"who is sitting in the front row"的语序与主句保持一致。而在宾语从句中,通常采用陈述句的语序,即主语在前,谓语在后。例如,在句子"I asked him if he had finished his homework"中,宾语从句"if he had finished his homework"的语序是陈述句的语序。
综上所述,定语从句和宾语从句在语法结构和用法上有一些区别。了解并正确使用这两种从句,能够帮助我们更准确地理解和使用复合句,提高语言表达的准确性和流利度。
定语从句与宾语从句讲解 篇三
定语从句与宾语从句讲解
你知道英语中的定语从句和宾语从句是什么吗?下面是小编收集整理的定语从句与宾语从句讲解,希望对您有所帮助!如果你觉得不错的话,欢迎分享!
定语从句
在复合句中,用作定语的'从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句一般放在先行词的后面,由关系代词或关系副词引导。下面我们结合例句来复习一下初中学过的由that, which, who和whom引导的定语从句。
1. 关系代词that引导的定语从句,that在从句中作主语或宾语,可以指人,也可以指物。如:
The letter that came this morning is from my father. (作主语,指物)
Here are the books that I borrowed from you a week ago. (作宾语,指物)
The woman that spoke to me in the shop used to live next door. (作主语,指人)
The person that I have to phone lives inIndia. (作宾语,指人)
2. 关系代词which引导的定语从句,which在从句中作主语或宾语,只可以指物。如:
Take the book which is lying on the
table. (作主语,指物)It's a story which every child will enjoy. (作宾语,指物)
3. 关系代词who和whom引导的定语从句。who和whom只可以指人,who在从句中作主语, whom在从句中作宾语,在口语中常用who代替whom。如:
Those students who failed the exam will have to take it again. (作主语,指人)
The girl who / whom I spoke to was a student. (作宾语,指人)
宾语从句
在复合句中,用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的词有: that, whether, if, who, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why等。如:
She said that the book was based on a true story.
No one knows exactly what happened.
I don't know when I'll see her again.
注意:宾语从句既可跟在及物动词后面,也可跟在介词后。如:
Show me what you have bought.
She was shocked by what she has seen.