篇一:初中英语语法宾语从句用法详解
宾语从句是指作为宾语的从句,它通常出现在动词后面,起到补充说明的作用。在初中英语中,宾语从句的用法较为常见,下面将详细介绍其用法。
宾语从句一般由连接词“that”引导,但在口语中可以省略。宾语从句的时态和语序要根据主句的要求,有时也会发生相应的变化。
首先,宾语从句可以在陈述句中充当宾语。例如,“I know that he is a good student.”(我知道他是一个好学生。)这个句子中,“that he is a good student”是宾语从句,说明了主句中的“what I know”的内容。
其次,宾语从句也可以在疑问句中充当宾语。例如,“Can you tell me where the library is?”(你能告诉我图书馆在哪里吗?)这个句子中,“where the library is”是宾语从句,回答了主句中的“what you can tell me”的问题。
除了常见的陈述句和疑问句,宾语从句还可以出现在感叹句和祈使句中。例如,“I am surprised that you passed the exam.”(我很惊讶你通过了考试。)这个句子中,“that you passed the exam”是宾语从句,表达了主句中的“how surprised I am”的感叹之情。
另外,宾语从句还可以包含一些特殊的动词,如“suggest”、“advise”、“order”等。当这些动词后接宾语从句时,要注意动词形式的变化。例如,“He suggested that we should go to the park.”(他建议我们去公园。)这个句子中,“that we should go to the park”是宾语从句,说明了主句中的“what he suggested”的内容。
总之,宾语从句在初中英语中的用法较为广泛,可以在陈述句、疑问句、感叹句和祈使句中充当宾语,并且可以包含一些特殊的动词。熟练掌握宾语从句的用法可以帮助我们更好地理解和表达英语句子,提高语言运用的能力。
篇二:初中英语语法宾语从句用法详解
宾语从句是初中英语中的重要语法知识点,它一般由连接词“that”引导,用来作为宾语的补充说明。下面将详细介绍宾语从句的用法。
首先,宾语从句常常出现在陈述句中,充当宾语的角色。例如,“She said that she was tired.”(她说她累了。)这个句子中,“that she was tired”是宾语从句,说明了主句中的“what she said”的内容。
其次,宾语从句也可以出现在疑问句中,充当宾语的角色。例如,“Do you know where he lives?”(你知道他住在哪里吗?)这个句子中,“where he lives”是宾语从句,回答了主句中的“what you know”的问题。
除了陈述句和疑问句,宾语从句还可以出现在感叹句和祈使句中。例如,“I can't believe that it's already Christmas.”(我简直不敢相信已经是圣诞节了。)这个句子中,“that it's already Christmas”是宾语从句,表达了主句中的“what I can't believe”的感叹之情。
此外,宾语从句还可以包含一些特殊的动词,如“suggest”、“advise”、“order”等。当这些动词后接宾语从句时,要注意动词形式的变化。例如,“He suggested that we go to the park.”(他建议我们去公园。)这个句子中,“that we go to the park”是宾语从句,说明了主句中的“what he suggested”的内容。
总之,初中英语中的宾语从句用法较为灵活多样,可以在陈述句、疑问句、感叹句和祈使句中充当宾语,并且可以包含特殊动词。掌握宾语从句的用法可以帮助我们更好地理解和运用英语,提高语言表达的能力。
初中英语语法宾语从句用法详解 篇三
编者按:宾语从句是复合语句中的一种形式,是初中英语语法学习中的难点,也是考试必考的重点。下面小编为同学们收集了一些宾语从句的相关语法知识,希望您看完之后有所收获,一起来看看吧!
宾语从句基本用法解析
复合句
概念:复合句也称主从句,即主句和从句,从句须有引导词或叫连词引出,否则复合句不成立。由于连词既起连接主句和从句的作用,表明主从句之间的关系,还在从句中充当一定的成份,有一定的意义,故复合句中的连词常成为考查的焦点。
宾语从句
一.在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语,如:
I know the man.
而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语,如:
I know that the man is a policeman.
主句 引导词 从句
二.中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面:
1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择;
2. 宾语从句的语序;
3. 宾语从句的时态。
三. 宾语从句的种类
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如:
He said(that) he wanted to stay at home.
Shedoesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure(that) he will succeed.
2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如:
Do youknow who (whom) they are waiting for?
He askedwhose handwriting was the best.
Can youtell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I don’tknow why the train is late.
3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如:
I want toknow if (whether) he lives there.
He askedme whether (if) I could help him.
注意一下情况只用whether,不用if
whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或ornot直接连用。如:
正: Let me know whether you can comeor not.
误: Let me know if you can come ornot.
2. 当宾语从句提到句首时,只能用whether引导。如:
正: Whether it is true or not, Ican’t tell.
误: If it is true or not, I can’ttell.
3.whether可以引导带to的不定式。如:
正: I don’t know whether to accept orrefuse.
误: I don’t know if to accept orrefuse.
4.whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后,作介词的宾语。如:
正: I worry about whether I hurt herfeelings.
误: I worry about if I hurt herfeelings.
四. 宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如:
I hear(that) physics isn’t easy.
I think(that) you will like this school soon.
Can youtell me how I can get to zoo?
Pleasetell me when we’ll have the meeting.
五. 宾语从句的时态
1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。如:
I don’tthink (that) you are right.
Pleasetell us where he is.
Can youtell me how I can get to the railway station?
2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)。例如:
He askedwhat time it was.
He toldme that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He askedif you had written to Peter.
He saidthat he would go back to the U.S.soon.
3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时。例如:
Ourteacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientistshave proved that the earth turns around the sun.
六.否定前移
如果主句是第一人称,时态是一般现在是。并且主句的谓语动词是think, believe, suppose时,若从句包含否定的意义,否定要放在主句。
I don’tthink I can finish the work on time.(我认为我无法按时完成工作。)
七.如何改为宾语从句
A.三关
1. 引导词关
①陈述句,引导词用that(that在口语或非正式文体中常省略);
②一般疑问句,引导词用if/whether;
③特殊疑问句,引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词/副词。
2. 语序关
①陈述句变为宾语从句,语序不变,即仍用陈述语序。如:
He is anhonest boy. The teacher said.
→Theteacher said(that)hewas an honest boy.
②一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句,语序变为陈述语序。如:
Does hework hard?I wonder.
→I wonderif/whether he works hard.
When didhe leave?I don’t know.
→I don’tknow when he left.
注意:有些疑问句本身就是陈述语序
1. Whowent there yesterday? Mary wanted to know.
→ Marywanted to know who went there yesterday.
2. What’sthe matter with the clock? He wondered.
→ Hewondered what was the matter with the clock.
3. 时态关
①如果主句是现在的时态,从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如:
I haveheard(that)hewill come back next week.
②如果主句是过去的某种时态,那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。如:
He said(that)therewere no classes yesterday.
注意:如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时,不管主句是什么时态,从句都要用一般现在时。如:
He saidthat light travels much faster than sound.
B.人称的变化和标点的使用
1. 从句的主语如果是第一人称,变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致;如果是第二人称,则与主句的宾语一致;如果是第三人称,不用变化。如:
“May Iuse your knife?”He asked me.
→He askedme if he might use my knife.
“Do youknow her telephone number?”Heasked me.
→He askedme if I knew her telephone number.
2. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句,用句号;主句是疑问句,用问号。如:
Who willgive us a talk?I don’t know. →I
don’t know whowill give us a talk.Do youknow?Where does he live?→Do you know where he lives?
初中英语语法宾语从句用法详解